I think the key statements in your discussion include:
"Children are recruited at a young age from economically poor areas. They promise the parents that their children will receive food and education in exchange for attending their madrassa."
The above suggests that if you are poor and desperate, then you (as a parent) will do whatever it takes to ensure your child survives, at least for that day. With poverty and destitution, what have you got to look forwad to? A "brighter" tomorrow - or the same, hard slog?? Further, if you are poor, what have you to lose (Marx would have said "Your chains" I guess). So, as a developed world, surely we need to provide what support we can to try to help those people have a better future, give them hope and a chance, as you suggest, to enable:
"Parents ....... to send their children to a place where they do not have to worry about whether their children will live to be grandparents. "
"In the end, we all want the same thing as rational human beings...life, liberty and pursuit of happiness, but also a better life for our children. "
Maslow's Heirarchical Needs would agree with these - as you say, we all have common desires, irrespective of our race, colour or creed. Put simply, "Folks is folks".
However, Maslow says our first requiremnt is "Physiological Needs" - without those being in place, we are trapped and, I suspect, when we are trapped, we will do whatever it takes to escape - if this involves sending our children to a madrassa, then so be it.
So, I suggest that the first thing we (as a developed world) need to do is to try to help give those people hope and opportunity through concrete and pragmatic help - we feed them, give them shelter, etc - address their physiological needs.
What we tend to do, though, is treat them as the enemy and "blow them up" - and give reasons for moe militants to be trained in those madrassas. A vicious circle if ever there was one IMO.
