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originally posted by: turbonium1
originally posted by: waynos
a reply to: turbonium1
You claim that you'll admit you are wrong if shown to be. How about the fact that in two posts now you have failed to acknowledge that I have proven two or three claims of yours to be wrong? How about adressing that to allow the discussion to move on.
If you don't remember, go back and read the posts.
I've admitted that I was wrong about something, which was that some planes fly nearby the Canadian border, during flights.
I have no problem with admitting to any mistakes, errors. WHY CAN'T EVEN ONE OF YOU HAVE THE GUTS TO SIMPLY ADMIT TO A MISTAKE??
As an example, your side estimated the planes were 12 miles away from his position. Which is directly over Richmond, YVR.
Your side knows this, but cannot admit anything.
To find someone who refuses to ever admit to any of their own mistakes, just look in a mirror.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...
Nanosized aluminum altered immune function.
Braydich-Stolle LK1, Speshock JL, Castle A, Smith M, Murdock RC, Hussain SM.
Author information
Abstract
On the basis of their uses in jet fuels and munitions, the most likely scenario for aluminum nanoparticle (NP) exposure is inhalation. NPs have been shown to be capable of penetrating deep into the alveolar regions of the lung, and therefore human alveolar macrophages (U937) with human type II pneumocytes (A549) were cultured together and exposed to NPs dispersed in an artificial lung surfactant to more accurately mimic the lung microenvironment. Two types of NPs were evaluated: aluminum (Al) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3).
Stratospheric Reflecting Aerosols – This involves the controlled scattering
of incoming sunlight with airborne microscopic particles, which, once
deployed, would remain in the stratosphere for around 5 years. The
particles could be a) dielectrics b) metals c) resonant scatterers or d)
sulphur. The implications of these schemes require further assessment
with regard to stratospheric chemistry, feasibility and cost.
originally posted by: fema1
originally posted by: Zaphod58
a reply to: fema1
So how do you know they weren't normal contrails? What scientific analysis was done to prove they are?
I guess you have taken the coolaid friend, just keeping watching your MSN tv channels.
Publication Date (online): August 02, 2016
Nanosized aluminum (16% by weight) was added into JP-10 and surfactant (2% by weight) was used to reduce the agglomeration of nanoparticles. Combustion of metalized fuel, as well as pure JP-10, was carried out in a small-scale combustor. The oxygen-to-fuel ratios were set to be 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9, respectively. An additional trial of water injection during combustion was also tested. The pressures at the combustion chamber and nozzle exit, along with the thrust, were measured during the combustion; and intervals of true values of the specific impulse were presented. The results showed that a relatively higher combustion efficiency was achieved with JP-10-based slurry by 3.0 to 9.0% when compared to pure JP-10
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Table of Contents
Nanosized Aluminum Altered Immune Function
Laura K. Braydich-Stolle†, Janice L. Speshock†, Alicia Castle†, Marcus Smith†‡, Richard C. Murdock† and Saber Hussain†*
† Applied Biotechnology Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
‡ AFRL/RZPF, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio
ACS Nano, 0, (),
DOI: 10.1021/nn9016789@proofing
Copyright © American Chemical Society
pubs.acs.org...
Read More: arc.aiaa.org...
link.springer.com...
Mathematical modeling of combustion of a frozen suspension of nanosized aluminum
Abstract
A mathematical model of combustion of a composite solid propellant called ALICE (frozen suspension of nanosized aluminum in water) is presented. The model takes into account the combustion of aluminum nanoparticles in water vapor, the motion of combustion products, and the smaller velocity of particles as compared to the gas. The calculated burning rate is consistent with available experimental data on the burning rate of ALICE as a function of pressure.
Keywords:
light scattering;
metal fuel;
metallic nanoparticles;
nanosized aluminium;
propellants;
vapor-phase condensation
The study of futuristic countermeasures began quietly in the 1960's, as scientists theorized that global warming caused by human-generated emissions might one day pose a serious threat. But little happened until the 1980's, when global temperatures started to rise.
Some scientists noted that the earth reflected about 30 percent of incoming sunlight back into space and absorbed the rest. Slight increases of reflectivity, they reasoned, could easily counteract heat-trapping gases, thereby cooling the planet.
"Injecting sunlight-scattering particles into the stratosphere appears to be a promising approach," Dr. Teller wrote in The Wall Street Journal. "Why not do that?"
Two Harvard engineers are to spray sun-reflecting chemical particles into the atmosphere to artificially cool the planet, using a balloon flying 80,000 feet over Fort Sumner, New Mexico.
David Keith, one of the investigators, has argued that solar geoengineering could be an inexpensive method to slow down global warming, but other scientists warn that it could have unpredictable, disastrous consequences for the Earth's weather systems and food supplies. Environmental groups fear that the push to make geoengineering a "plan B" for climate change will undermine efforts to reduce carbon emissions.
Keith, who manages a multimillion dollar geoengineering research fund provided by Microsoft founder Bill Gates, previously commissioned a study by a US aerospace company that made the case for the feasibility of large-scale deployment of solar geoengineering technologies.
While chemtrails have been around since 1996, many citizens and even our US Air Force Website deny their existence, or consider them a conspiracy theory. However, a white paper by MIT’s Bernard Eastlund and H-bomb father Edward Teller, titled Vision for 2020 and Weather is a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025, is very telling.7 The paper reveals that seven US military officers, in a 1996 research study, outlined how HAARP and aerial cloud –seeding from tankers could allow the US aerospace forces to “own the weather” by 2025.7 Among the desired objectives were: “Storm Enhancement”, “Storm Modification” and “Drought Inducement.” In 1997, Teller publically discussed his proposal to use aircraft to “scatter through the atmosphere millions of electrically conductive metallic materials” with the intent to reduce global warming. Two scientists working at the Wright Patterson Airforce Base validated their participation in these aerial spraying experiments.8
Further validation comes from the geoengineers themselves who proposed the spraying of tens of millions tons of reflective particles into the atmosphere in an attempt to reflect sunlight back to space to hopefully reduce global warming. Raytheon has held a patent on this process since the 1990’s. Chemtrails can now be frequently seen in many countries around the world.9
Aluminum is the most common metal sprayed into our atmosphere. Unfortunately 10 -20 million tons need to be suspended in the atmosphere to address global warming. High density polyethylene fibers that mimic parachutes are also part of the chemtrail arsenal. Their function is to suspend nanoparticles of toxic metals in the air for long periods. When fibers and metals such as aluminum or barium, are mixed with radio sensitive particles (called chaff), they can sustain an electric charge for an extended period of time. The electrostatic forces that are created can change the air density and pressure. These “condensation nuclei”, are less than one millionth of an inch in diameter. When subjected to certain frequencies, they will form coagulates which fall as rain. If not coagulated to form rain, these fibers will ultimately disperse and, unfortunately, fall to earth as hazardous air pollution.10
originally posted by: Zaphod58
a reply to: SeaWorthy
You should dig a little deeper. JP-10 was developed specifically for the ALCM. It's only used in a handful of cruise missiles. JP-10 is one of the super fuels, that is dense and releases a lot of energy (something like 140,000 BTUs compared to around 125,000 for regular jet fuel). It also, in 2010, cost $25 a gallon. They have a small quantity for testing and for a limited number of missiles.
VERSATILE AFFORDABLE ADVANCED FUELS AND
COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGIES
www.dtic.mil...
APPENDIX I
Sonochemically Assisted Thermal Decomposition of Alane N,N-Dimethylethylamine with
Titanium (IV) Isopropoxide in the Presence of Oleic Acid to Yield Air-Stable and
Size-Selective Aluminum Core-Shell Nanoparticles
Bonding in Sonochemically-Prepared Aluminum Nanoparticles Capped with Oleic Acid,”
Oleic acid is also used to induce lung damage in certain types of animals, for the purpose of testing new drugs and other means to treat lung diseases. Specifically in sheep, intravenous administration of oleic acid causes acute lung injury with corresponding pulmonary edema.[20] This sort of research has been of particular benefit to premature newborns, for whom treatment for underdeveloped lungs (and associated complications) is often a matter of life and death.[citation needed]
Oleic acid is used as a soldering flux in stained glass work for joining lead came.[21]
Current technologies produce
nano-aluminum (Al) – the most attractive high-energetic candidate for the use in fuel additives,
jet propellants, and explosives because of its density and high relative heat of oxide formation –
on the scale of 40 nm to as large as a few microns. However, formation of a thin oxide layer on
the surface of such Al nanoparticles prevents further oxidation of the particle core which results
in incomplete combustion
These results were very encouraging in
terms of confirming the potential of organically-capped metal nanoparticles to increase the
energy density and energy release rate in fuels and propellants. This is a particularly promising
result in view of propulsion systems where available reaction timescales are short, such as
scram-jet engines. I
Additionally, the presence of water with a fuel system
can also increase the likelihood of microbial growth causing widespread contamination of the
system. Various laboratory techniques including visual inspection of the fuel, traditional
microbiological plating of microbes, commercial lab test kits, and molecular testing has been
utilized in recognizing contamination problems and identifying the causative organisms (Bowen
et al., 2009). This research into microbial contamination of biodiesels showed the consortia
within the fuel varied from sample to sample and also by location. Some fuel contained a variety
of organisms while other fuels had only one to two dominate microorganisms. The most
significant identification results came from using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with
primers from the 16S and 18S small ribosomal subunits and then sequencing the gene regions
while traditional plating yielded fewer identifications. Some commonly identified microbes
included Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Ralstonia. A variety of fungus and yeast organisms
such as Hyphozyma and Geotrichum were also present in fuel. A strategy for mitigating
microbial contamination in biodiesels is needed because of the fuel susceptibility to
biodegradation.
A. Metallized Propellants
The most straightforward way to increase the energy content of a propellant is to add micron-size metal powders
such as aluminum into jet fuels as slurries or into the solid propellant matrix.
. A method of reducing atmospheric warming due to the greenhouse effect resulting from a layer of gases in the atmosphere which absorb strongly near infrared wavelength radiation, comprising the step of dispersing tiny particles of a material within the gases' layer, the particle material characterized by wavelength-dependent emissivity or reflectivity, in that said material has high emissivities with respect to radiation in the visible and far infrared wavelength spectra, and low emissivity in the near infrared wavelength spectrum, whereby said tiny particles provide a means for converting infrared heat energy into far infrared radiation which is radiated into space.
originally posted by: waynos
a reply to: ignorant_ape
I haven't clicked the link, but it's not something about increased food production in areas where high aluminium content in the local soil makes agriculture nigh impossible, is it?
originally posted by: waynos
originally posted by: turbonium1
originally posted by: waynos
a reply to: turbonium1
You claim that you'll admit you are wrong if shown to be. How about the fact that in two posts now you have failed to acknowledge that I have proven two or three claims of yours to be wrong? How about adressing that to allow the discussion to move on.
If you don't remember, go back and read the posts.
I've admitted that I was wrong about something, which was that some planes fly nearby the Canadian border, during flights.
I have no problem with admitting to any mistakes, errors. WHY CAN'T EVEN ONE OF YOU HAVE THE GUTS TO SIMPLY ADMIT TO A MISTAKE??
As an example, your side estimated the planes were 12 miles away from his position. Which is directly over Richmond, YVR.
Your side knows this, but cannot admit anything.
To find someone who refuses to ever admit to any of their own mistakes, just look in a mirror.
What you claim to have admitted to was not something i ever wrote about. I'm talking about where I directly addressed claims made by YOU.
The thing you want me to admit to getting wrong is also something i have not written about in this thread at all.
Is this how you debate?