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A new study appears to explain how humans, along with other higher primates, guinea pigs and fruit bats, get by with what some have called an "inborn metabolic error": an inability to produce vitamin C from glucose.
Unlike the more than 4,000 other species of mammals who manufacture vitamin C, and lots of it, the red blood cells of the handful of vitamin C-defective species are specially equipped to suck up the vitamin's oxidized form, so-called L-dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), the researchers report in the March21st issue of Cell, a publication of Cell Press. Once inside the blood cells, that DHA--which is immediately transformed back into ascorbic acid (a.k.a. vitamin C)--can be efficiently carried through the bloodstream to the rest of the body, the researchers suggest.
"Evolution is amazing. Even though people talk about this as an 'inborn error'--a metabolic defect that all humans have--there is also this incredible manner in which we've responded to the defect, using some of the body's most plentiful cells," said Naomi Taylor of Université Montpellier I and II in France, noting that the body harbors billions of red blood cells. "[Through evolution], we've created this system that takes out the oxidized form of vitamin C and transports the essential, antioxidant form."
Meanwhile, the red cells of other mammals apparently take up very little, if any, DHA, which might explain why they need to produce so much more vitamin C than we need to get from our diets, Taylor said. The recommended daily dose of vitamin C for humans is just one mg/kg, while goats, for example, produce the vitamin at a striking rate of 200 mg/kg each day.
In essence, the red cells of animals that can't make vitamin C recycle what little they've got. Earlier studies had described the recycling process, Taylor said. "Our contribution to the whole story is to show that this process of recycling exists specifically in mammals that don't make vitamin C."
originally posted by: WeSbO
a reply to: Aleister Yes but what pl3bscheese is saying is that it is not a genetic disease, it's a genetic mutation, which are two different things.
originally posted by: Aleister
a reply to: pl3bscheese
No, jeez on a stick. It's a genetic disease. The enzymes which make ascorbic acid broke in primates - the genetics don't work. Every other living thing, your dogs and cats for example, are making it in their bodies all the time.
originally posted by: pl3bscheese
a reply to: Aleister
My understanding is the high doses of ascorbic acid act more like a drug to compensate for poor SAD diets in western world. Go vegan and you would be a-okay with small doses.
Hey, I pop a vitamin c tablet from time to time, but unless something like ebola comes my way I'll stay off the very high doses.
originally posted by: Aleister
a reply to: pl3bscheese
There are four or five steps that the body uses to make ascorbic acid. If I recall correctly primates go through the first three or four, and then the last one broke. So we are trying to make it at every moment. This has nothing to do with evolution, but with a break in the functioning of the genes, thus 'genetic disease'.
originally posted by: pl3bscheese
a reply to: sn0rch
Hey I've got an ultrasonic cleanser and two kilograms of l-ascorbate packed away in case ebola comes back around Just had to call out the "genetic disease" thing.
Yea, I purchase an organic curry spice mix that has turmeric and black pepper in it. Usually put it in a meal a day, and a few dabs on my palm to tongue besides that.
originally posted by: Aleister
a reply to: pl3bscheese
There are four or five steps that the body uses to make ascorbic acid. If I recall correctly primates go through the first three or four, and then the last one broke. So we are trying to make it at every moment. This has nothing to do with evolution, but with a break in the functioning of the genes, thus 'genetic disease'.