posted on Dec, 22 2004 @ 05:02 PM
Worst case scenarios say that the "economical viable" supplies will end in 2050. Optimists put this deadline at about 2080/2100. Of course there are
plenty more supplies of oil, but they are not cheap to reach (for example many known deep sea deposits). The truth behind soaring crude prices is
pretty simple: politics and sheer speculation. The "right" price for a barrel should be in the high 20s-low 30s dollars. I read an interview with
former Saudi Minister of Petroleum Industry: he's alarmed by this speculation and he fears that, like all speculations, this will end up in a
bursting bubble, which will affect his country the most. He said that the Iraqi crisis encouraged some countries to "play dirty", stockpiling crude
or cutting down production capabilities to justify the enormous price tag. While politicians can focus on this issue, scientists need to focus on
alternative fuel sources. Hydrogen is a little bit of an old dream: burn the fuel and all you get is water! Too bad right now there are some very
serious production issues. The most viable method nowadays, mainly used to supply the industry with large quantities of hydrogen involves the
endothermic reaction of steam on hydrocarbons or coke coal:
CH4+H2O=CO+3H2O
C+H2O= CO+H2
(sorry for the incorrect notation, but I can't find the "arrow" sign). Both of these reactions are at about 1000�C.
CO can be converted to CO2, generating more hydrogen, by passing the gases and more steam over an iron oxyde or cobalt oxyde catalyst at 400�C:
CO+H2O=CO2+H2.
This gives off an unwanted byproduct: CO2, which is reckoned to be one of the main greenhouse gases. While this is acceptable for the relative small
amounts required by industry, it would be questionable on a larger scale. Hydrogen production using hydrolisis is some kind of "Holy Grail": it
would solve all the problems at once. Too bad you need much more energy to fuel the reaction than you would get by burning the products. Moreover,
the risk of an ozone (O3) production is always present. While all these problems can be ignored while working in a high school laboratory , it's not
the same while working on a large scale.