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This perihelion, originally discovered in 1967, I believe, and confirmed in the early 1980's, should, actually, have warmed our stratosphere and saved us from runaway global warming.
Increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere have resulted in the warming of the troposphere and cooling of the stratosphere which is caused by two mechanisms.
The interaction of IR radiation with CO2 is a two way street in that IR radiation can interact with unexcited CO2 molecules and cause them to vibrate and become excited and excited CO2 molecules can become unexcited by releasing IR radiation.
The energy that remains in the absorption band after the IR radiation has traveled through the troposphere is the only energy that is available to interact with the CO2 of the stratosphere. At a CO2 level of 100 ppm there is more energy available for this than at a level of 1000 ppm. Therefore, the stratosphere is cooler because of the higher level of CO2 in the troposphere. Additionally, the troposphere has warmed because it has absorbed the energy that is no longer available to the stratosphere.
In concluding, this paper has explained the mechanisms which cause the troposphere to warm and the stratosphere to cool when the atmospheric levels of CO2 increase. The dominant mechanism involves the conversion of the energy of motion of the particles in the atmosphere to IR radiation which escapes to space and the second method involves the absorption of IR energy by CO2 in the troposphere such that it is no longer available to the stratosphere. Both methods act to reduce the temperature of the stratosphere.
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reports that between 2012 and 2013, carbon dioxide increased by 2.9 parts per million (ppm), bringing carbon dioxide levels up to a whopping average level of 396 ppm.
And the record-breaking doesn’t end there: This year, April became the first month in human history in which carbon dioxide levels hit a monthly average of 400 ppm. The first daily average reading of 400ppm carbon dioxide was first recorded just last year, the first time in 800,000 years.
Greenhouse gases have also led to the cooling of the atmosphere at levels higher than the stratosphere. Over the past 30 years, the Earth's surface temperature has increased 0.2-0.4 °C, while the temperature in the mesosphere, about 50-80 km above ground, has cooled 5-10 °C (Beig et al., 2006). There is no appreciable cooling due to ozone destruction at these altitudes, so nearly all of this dramatic cooling is due to the addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Even greater cooling of 17 °C per decade has been observed high in the ionosphere, at 350 km altitude. This has affected the orbits of orbiting satellites, due to decreased drag, since the upper atmosphere has shrunk and moved closer to the surface (Lastovicka et al., 2006). The density of the air has declined 2-3% per decade the past 30 years at 350 km altitude. So, in a sense, the sky IS falling!
A rare cloud, possibly associated with global warming, has been spotted over Europe this summer. Scotland, Ireland, and even London have witnessed noctilucent clouds, also called polar mesospheric clouds or night-shining clouds.
originally posted by: luxordelphi
a reply to: eriktheawful
Most of the sources that discuss a companion sun for Sol, our sun, are not accepted here. It's funny because the disclosure of a binary could certainly abet deniers of the anthropocene.