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originally posted by: Starbucks
you did not answer any of my questions.
how did Neanderthal have dna in africans who did not leave africa. The back to africa migration is Maternal haplogroup M in Ethiopia, and Paternal Arabs J1.
subsaharan africa have no back migration. how did they get neanderthal dna in the last 200 000 years.
originally posted by: HauntWok
Science isn't belief, it's theories based on evidence, when the evidence shows that previous theories are wrong, theories have to change.
Evidence for dark matter in spiral galaxies
In spiral galaxies like the Milky Way, we derive the gravitational mass from observing the motions of stars and gas clouds in the disk as they orbit the center. The rotation curve of a galaxy shows how the velocity of stars around the center varies as the distance from the center increases. Most spiral galaxies show flat rotation curves out as far as we can trace them, even where no more stars are visible. Therefore we conclude that the gravitational mass is more than 10 times more massive than the luminous mass.
Evidence for dark matter in clusters of galaxies
In clusters of galaxies, we derive the gravitational mass by measuring the orbital motions of the member galaxies. Since the galaxies in a cluster are roughly at the same distance from us, we can interpret any spread in their redshifts as orbital motion around the center of the cluster; it might amount to more than 1000 km/sec! By measuring the redshifts of lots of galaxies in the cluster, we can calculate the gravitational mass required to keep the galaxies in orbit (rather than escaping). This gravitational mass then can be compared to the luminous mass contributed by the galaxies plus that contributed by the Xray gas.
originally posted by: Barcs
a reply to: Starbucks
I already answered your question. Sub saharan Africans tribe do not have Neanderthal DNA. Your claim that they do is wrong.
originally posted by: kayej1188
a reply to: Starbucks
Provide the link to your source then! It's as simple as that. C'mon, you should know how this works. If you have a claim of evidence, prove it.
originally posted by: Starbucks
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov...
this article proves that neanderthal dna found in all africans but make an unaccepted claim "Apparent variation in Neanderthal admixture among African populations is consistent with gene flow from Non-African populations.
Recent studies have found evidence of introgression from Neanderthals into modern humans outside of sub-Saharan Africa.