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Aloysius the Gaul
reply to post by FriedBabelBroccoli
Yes - deliberately unvaccinated children ALSO contributed.
Thank you.
In January 2008, an intentionally unvaccinated 7-year-old boy who was unknowingly infected with measles returned from Switzerland, resulting in the largest outbreak in San Diego, California, since 1991. We investigated the outbreak with the objective of understanding the effect of intentional undervaccination on measles transmission and its potential threat to measles elimination.
METHODS: We mapped vaccination-refusal rates according to school and school district, analyzed measles-transmission patterns, used discussion groups and network surveys to examine beliefs of parents who decline vaccination, and evaluated containment costs.
An outbreak of measles tied to a Texas megachurch where ministers have questioned vaccination has sickened at least 21 people, including a 4-month-old infant -- and it’s expected to grow, state and federal health officials said.
“There’s likely a lot more susceptible people,” said Dr. Jane Seward, the deputy director for the viral diseases division at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Sixteen people -- nine children and seven adults -- ranging in age from 4 months to 44 years had come down with the highly contagious virus in Tarrant County, Texas, as of Monday. Another five cases are part of the outbreak in nearby Denton County.
All of the cases are linked to the Eagle Mountain International Church in Newark, Texas, where a visitor who’d traveled to Indonesia became infected with measles – and then returned to the U.S., spreading it to the largely unvaccinated church community, said Russell Jones, the Texas state epidemiologist.
“We have a pocket of people that weren’t immunized,” said Jones, noting that vaccination rates typically hover above the 98 percent range in his county.
Infections spread to the congregation, the staff and a day care center at Eagle Mountain International.
Each year about 60 people in the United States are reported to have measles. But in 2013, 189 people have been reported to have the disease. This represents the second largest number of cases in the U.S. since measles was eliminated in 2000. About 28% of these people got measles in other countries. They brought the disease to the United States and spread it to others. This caused 11 measles outbreaks in various U.S. communities, including the largest U.S. measles outbreak since 1996 (58 cases).
Aloysius the Gaul
reply to post by FriedBabelBroccoli
I didn't ignore the other drivers - I was speaking to the topic, which is how lack of vaccination makes allows outbreaks of disease.
there are certainly other possibilities that also allow it - if you want to discuss them then by all means open a thread.
In the mean time, vaccination in India STILL has all-but wiped out Polio there, and non-vaccination of people in the USA is STILL a major contributing factor to the resurgence of vaccine-preventable disease.
Aloysius the Gaul
reply to post by FriedBabelBroccoli
3 years without a polio case in India - wild or otherwise.
The World Health Organisation (WHO)'s south-east Asia regional ceritification commission for polio eradication officially declared the region polio free on Thursday, three years after the last case of wild polio virus was reported from India.
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In the certification event, held at WHO-SER office in New Delhi, certificates were handed over to chairpersons of national certification committes for polio erdiction and health ministers of member states of the region.
"The committee concluded that the wild polio virus transmission has been interrupted in the SEA region and it officially declared it free from wild polio virus," stated Dr Supamit Chunsuttiwat, committee representative.
Dr Poonal Khetrapal Singh, WHO-SER regional director, while appreciating the efforts of the 11 countries of this region, said, "The polio threat is not over truly until the wild polio virus is eradicated globally. We have to keep the momentum going."
On February 24, 2012, WHO had removed India from the list of countries with active endemic wild polio virus transmission as the last polio case in the country was reported from Howrah district of West Bengal on January 13, 2011.
Calling it an incredible public health feat, union health minister Ghulam Nabi Azad said, "In 2009, when I took over as the health minister of India, the country accounted for maximum polio cases in the world. In less than two years we amazed the whole world by bringing the number to zero and have managed to sustain it for more than three years."
A country is declared polio-free if no case is reported for three consecutive years, and a region is declared polio-free after none of the countries under it has reported a case.
Just two decades ago, the disease used to cripple more than 50,000 children in the country every year.
In 2009, India had half the number of polio cases in the world. By 2011, in less than two years, India brought polio infections to zero level.
However, experts have pointed out that despite India's victory over polio, the threat of re-infection loomed large because of cases still being reported from its neighbouring countries.
Of the 37 polio cases reported in 2014, 29 were in Pakistan and three in Afghanistan.
With effect from March 1, India has made polio vaccination mandatory for people traveling to or coming from seven polio-endemic countries including Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria. Polio drops have to be taken four weeks before travel.
Also, countries are preparing for introduction of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) in routine immunisation as part of the eventual phasing out of oral polio vaccines (OPV).
More than 120 countries currently use only OPV. These countries will introduce a dose of IPV by the end of 2015 as part of their commitment to the global polio endgame plan which aims to ensure a polio-free world by 2018.
Oral polio vaccine (OPV)
OPV consists of a mixture of live attenuated poliovirus strains of each of the three serotypes, selected by their ability to mimic the immune response following infection with wild polioviruses, but with a significantly reduced incidence of spreading to the central nervous system................................ In very rare cases, the administration of OPV results in vaccine-associated paralysis associated with a reversion of the vaccine strains to the more neurovirulent profile of wild poliovirus. In a few instances, such vaccine strains have become both neurovirulent and transmissible and have resulted in infectious poliomyelitis.WHO
D377MC
reply to post by Leonidas
Personally, I did not come to the "to Vaccinate or not to Vaccinate" debate with a dog in fight. I wanted to know what was the right thing to do? I didn't "Pick a side" and then looked for evidence to support that choice.
Absolutely. As evidenced by your very first post...
It is thinking like that that puts other people at risk.
It is fine for one nutty non-vaccination nut to avoid it and have safe children because that child is surrounded by other kids that wont get the measles, mumps, rubella, etc. etc. etc. That was fine when there were only a few of the nutters out there...now with so many people afraid of science, that "cocoon" of health is breaking down and risking the population.
Beyond the personal right to be ignorant of science and reality, it is irresponsible to your family and your community when you buy into the junk-science, non-science of the anti-vaccine fear-mongers.
Deny Ignorance!
Sigh..... [yawn]edit on 27-3-2014 by D377MC because: spelling, punctuation
At least mandatory influenza vaccination is not on the list as even Dr.'s at the WHO have admitted they are pointless profit machines.
Global Action Plan for Influenza Vaccines (GAP) is a comprehensive strategy to reduce the present global shortage of influenza vaccines for seasonal epidemics and pandemic influenza in all countries of the world through three major approaches:
- Increase in seasonal vaccine use
- Increase in vaccine production capacity
- Research and development
GAP was launched in 2006 and further refined in 2011.WHO
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
About GAP
Global Action Plan for Influenza Vaccines (GAP) is a comprehensive strategy to reduce the present global shortage of influenza vaccines for seasonal epidemics and pandemic influenza in all countries of the world through three major approaches:
OBJECTIVE 1. Increase in seasonal vaccine use
OBJECTIVE 2. Increase in vaccine production capacity
OBJECTIVE 3. Research and development
GAP I
The plan was developed by WHO together with public health, academic experts, vaccine manufactures and funding agencies from developed and developing countries during a consultation held in 2006 in Geneva.WHO
This year’s flu vaccine is only about 60 percent effective overall, according to the latest research by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If you haven’t been vaccinated yet, don’t let the effectiveness rate dissuade you. The flu virus is still circulating widely (see map above), and it’s predominantly H1N1, the same potentially deadly bug that caused a worldwide pandemic in 2009.
. . .
Public-health officials hope next season’s flu vaccine will work better. A Food and Drug Administration advisory committee will decide this week which flu strains to include in it. CDC officials said they highly recommend people get vaccinated against influenza every single year, even if the formulation remains the same. Like any vaccine, the duration of protection can wear off, just as the shots you got as a child for diseases such as tetanus and diphtheria don’t last a lifetime.
FriedBabelBroccoliAt least mandatory influenza vaccination is not on the list as even Dr.'s at the WHO have admitted they are pointless profit machines.
Leonidas
FriedBabelBroccoliAt least mandatory influenza vaccination is not on the list as even Dr.'s at the WHO have admitted they are pointless profit machines.
A review of the WHO website, it's position papers on the influenza vaccine and anything I could find contradicts your above statement. Could you provide a link on WHO doctors that have expressed the above opinion? Or the WHO itself?
I agree that some seasons, the vaccine was designed for the wrong particular strain that is making the rounds. My doctor makes recommendations per season, based on that information.
Any facts you could provide on that point would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks.
Leonidas
FriedBabelBroccoliAt least mandatory influenza vaccination is not on the list as even Dr.'s at the WHO have admitted they are pointless profit machines.
A review of the WHO website, it's position papers on the influenza vaccine and anything I could find contradicts your above statement. Could you provide a link on WHO doctors that have expressed the above opinion? Or the WHO itself?
I agree that some seasons, the vaccine was designed for the wrong particular strain that is making the rounds. My doctor makes recommendations per season, based on that information.
Any facts you could provide on that point would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks.
FriedBabelBroccoli
There is this tool on the internet called a search engine.
Please, you have been in enough of the vaccine threads to know exactly who is being referenced, your feigned ignorance is hardly amusing.
At least mandatory influenza vaccination is not on the list as even Dr.'s at the WHO have admitted they are pointless profit machines.
Diabetes, asthma, and obesity are cited as the driving factors of weakened immune response resulting in health complications from those who do contract one of the many many strains.
The influenza vaccine is recommended by the World Health Organization and United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for high-risk groups, such as children, the elderly, health care workers, and people who have chronic illnesses such as asthma, diabetes, heart disease, or are immuno-compromised among others. In healthy adults it is modestly effective in decreasing the amount of influenza-like symptoms in a population. Evidence is supportive of a decreased rate of influenza in children over the age of two. In those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease vaccination reduces exacerbations, it is not clear if it reduces asthma exacerbations. Evidence supports a lower rate of influenza-like illness in many groups who are immunocompromised such as those with: HIV/AIDS, cancer, and post organ transplant. In those at high risk immunization may reduce the risk of heart disease. Whether immunizing health care workers effects patient outcomes is controversial with some reviews finding insufficient evidence and others finding tentative evidence.link
I have noticed that you have not been making posts in relation to Croatia's actions and are merely posting hit pieces from the Council on Foreign Relations, do you have an opinion on the topic of the OP or are you here to spam?
he new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found the vaccine offered 58 percent protection against the most common and dangerous H3N2 strain for children ages 6 months to 17 years old, 46 percent protection for adults ages 18 to 49, and 50 percent protection for adults 60 to 64 years of age.
According to Schaffner, studies have showed the flu vaccine to be about 40 percent effective overall in the elderly. He expressed optimism to CBSNews.com in January because the H3N2 influenza A strain the committee selected prior to the start of the flu season was a "bull's-eye hit" for the strain causing most of the illnesses this year. That remains true, he said Thursday, which is why today's findings in seniors were so puzzling.
As dismal as the numbers looked, he said, there needs to be perspective. The vaccine was still 27 percent effective overall for seniors over 65 years. For that age group, there aren't other preventive disease-fighting approaches as effective, he said. He also added that the better protection rates reported in children and adults under 65 suggest people in those age groups were less likely to give influenza to older people.
"You have to add in all the benefits before you give the influenza vaccine a thumbs down," said Schaffner.
Flu surveillance reports released by the CDC in recent months have shown adults 65 and older account for more than half of the Americans who have been hospitalized because of the flu.
as even Dr.'s at the WHO have admitted they are pointless profit machines.