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Could a comet have been responsible for the extinction of North America’s megafauna — woolly mammoths, giant ground sloths and saber-tooth tigers? UC Santa Barbara’s James Kennett, professor emeritus in the Department of Earth Science, posited that such an extraterrestrial event occurred 12,900 years ago.
Originally published in 2007, Kennett’s controversial Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) hypothesis suggests that a comet collision precipitated the Younger Dryas period of global cooling, which, in turn, contributed to the extinction of many animals and altered human adaptations. The nanodiamond is one type of material that could result from an extraterrestrial collision, and the presence of nanodiamonds along Bull Creek in the Oklahoma Panhandle lends credence to the YDB hypothesis.
More recently, another group of earth scientists, including UCSB’s Alexander Simms and alumna Hanna Alexander, re-examined the distribution of nanodiamonds in Bull Creek’s sedimentological record to see if they could reproduce the original study’s evidence supporting the YDB hypothesis. Their findings appear in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science.
“We were able to replicate some of their results and we did find nanodiamonds right at the Younger Dryas Boundary,” said Simms, an associate professor in UCSB’s Department of Earth Science. “However, we also found a second spike of nanodiamonds more recently in the sedimentary record, sometime within the past 3,000 years.”
The researchers analyzed 49 sediment samples representing different time periods and environmental and climactic settings, and identified high levels of nanodiamonds immediately below and just above YDB deposits and in late-Holocene near-surface deposits.
The late Holocene began at the end of the Pleistocene 11,700 years ago and continues to the present. The researchers found that the presence of nanodiamonds is not caused by environmental setting, soil formation, cultural activities, other climate changes or the amount of time in which the landscape is stable.
Over time, various clues about the environment at the time of their death have been discovered and studied. Scientists found partially preserved stomach vegetation in some of the carcasses and so could identify the woolly mammoth’s last meal. Solving one mystery just leads to another. They wondered how the stomach contents remained half decayed while the animals froze? This is a problem since it takes a long time to freeze an animal as large as an elephant. A quick freeze came to mind. Birds Eye Frozen Foods Company ran the calculations and came up with a staggering -150°F (-100°C). Once again, the scientists were puzzled. How could such temperatures be reached on earth, especially when apparently they were in a fairly temperate environment before the quick freeze?
I will agree this complex does not appear to support a 5' rise in ocean level, but it certainly could and would support a 1" plus raise, putting the date of this complex somewhere between 4,500 and 5,800 years ago. In any case it is not modern, meaning it was not built in the last 100 or so years of Florida expansion. There are many other shore based complexes in the keys that show at least a three tiered tidal shoulder that is about 2' deep.
Everglades Islands Made of Prehistoric Trash Heaps
Raised just a meter or two above the water line, all of the islands are fixed in place, Chmura said. They are all oriented in the same direction. And they all have a high point in the same place. Based on those patterns, scientists have long suspected that people somehow influenced their formation.
Evidence for that theory first came in 2005, when archaeologist Margo Schwadron began excavating on some of the islands and found 42 archaeological sites that were full of human garbage. These trash mounds, or middens, contained ceramics, seeds and lots of animal bones, among other types of domestic debris.
The oldest scraps dated back more than 5,000 years, which blew away previous estimates that people first settled the Everglades just 500 to 1,000 years ago. Except for a period of yet-to-be explained abandonment between 4,400 and 2,700 years ago, the area remained populated for millennia.
"That is the new discovery, and it changes everything," Schwadron said. "All the models thought this was an uninhabitable swamp, and who would ever live there? This demonstrates that people were there from day one, and they lived there continuously for thousands of years."
It now also seems likely that the islands benefitted from their inhabitants. Fires, food waste and other refuse would have built up, forming raised areas of land for occupation by plants, animals and people. As the waste dissolved and broke down, discarded bones in particular would have helped create productive, phosphorous-rich soil.
No one can say for sure whether this process of landscape development was intentional or accidental.
bottleslingguy
reply to post by Danbones
we have to keep in mind the time frame involves limits due to the dna record. We've only been "modern humans" for no more than 200,000 years so we're limited to how fast we became smart- got wiped out- got smart-got etc. I think there have been several or many different types of hominoids throughout history but not genetically related to us. Take the Paracas coneheads for example: humanlike so much that people argue over it but the dna says they are not even part of our evolutionary history. They were smart, goal oriented, had culture etc and then just disappeared. I'd wager they didn't get physically wiped out as much as they went back to where they came from. Or maybe to a better, more stable planet where they didn't have to worry about things like tsunamis destroying everything they built. So my explanation leans toward people from other planets coming and going, not evolving out of nowhere, related to nothing on the planet and then being wiped out by a natural disaster.
A lost landscape where early humans roamed more than 12,000 years ago has been uncovered beneath the North Sea. A map of the underwater world reveals criss-crossing rivers, giant lakes and gentle hills around which hunter-gatherers made their homes and found their meals toward the end of the last ice age.
The region was inundated between 18000 and 6000BC, when the warming climate melted the thick glaciers that pressed down from the north.
Genomic analysis, based on increases in genome size and the evolutionary record, indicate that genes began to evolve and to undergo duplicative events billions of years before the formation of this planet, at least 10 billion years ago. This does not mean that life began 10 billion years ago, but rather that the first gene was fashioned approximately 6 billion years before the creation of Earth. The genetic evidence supports extra-terrestrial abiognesis.
Danbones
Harte
TXRabbit
Very interesting theory about ancient canals. While I explore it as certainly being possible, I still won't donate $$ to the website you linked to which shows the 2 (and only 2) pictures you've shared and expects us to believe.
Have any artifacts been recovered lending credence to these ports and canals existing?edit on 8-3-2014 by TXRabbit because: removed verbage that unintentionally sounded harsh
Canals courtesy of Army Corp of Engineers. They are dredged regularly because they fill in naturally.
"Harbors" also the result of modern dredging.
Good idea, not donating money to a fraud.
Harte
so you got any proof Harte?
remember the "other poster" you referenced on bts's thread re the hyogeum?
that was a lol, didn't work out so good for you there eh?
hope you can do better then that referencing this time
lol
never heard of the harbour at alexandria Harte?
Danbones
Could the undeniably geometric ruins in India’s Gulf of Cambay be the lost city of Lord Krishna? Many Indians believe so, designating Dwarka as an important site for Hindu pilgrimage. The ruins are located just off the coast of modern-day Dwarka, one of the seven oldest cities in India. The ancient Dwarka was a planned city built on the banks of the Gomati river but was eventually deserted and submerged into the sea, as documented in texts like the Mahabharata and Purana, though some experts maintain that it was mythological.
As the story goes, Lord Krishna had a beautiful and prosperous city built, with 70,000 palaces made of gold, silver and other precious metals. It was his death that supposedly sent Dwarka sinking into the sea.
The ruins, discovered in 2000 and investigated with acoustic techniques, are known as the Gulf of Khambat Cultural Complex. They’re 131 feet beneath the surface. One of the artifacts dredged up by scientists was dated around 7500 BCE, which could support the theories that it is, in fact, the ancient Dwarka.
from the above link
bottleslingguy
reply to post by Danbones
Harte has no idea what he's talking about concerning these things. The size of the area containing these structures is so large any attempt at that scale would be the biggest undertaking ever imagined. They are found in areas where the Army Corps hasn't bothered to even think about going and for no good reason anyway. Some people act like authorities on this subject, but they've not spent one minute studying them and deep down inside they know they've waisted their lives studying the wrong things. I think there are going to be a lot of bitter archaeologists just around the corner, so we have to prepare for the angry responses.
Danbones
here is a chinese map not so early maybe...but early enough to make one wonder
i don't know enough about projection to verify this map or if it came from an older one,
but there is much to be said for early Chinese in north america
funny though that columbus was right after marko polo
Thankfully, as Shanghaist points out, there are actual historians on the case, namely Geoff Wade.
It is a dual-hemisphere map, a cartographic tradition exclusively European. California is represented as an island, copied straight from European maps of the 17th century. China is placed at the centre of the map as it was in early Jesuit maps of the world produced in China. It is based on a rough copy of a Jesuit map of the world.
The eunuch Zheng He is referred to as Ma San-bao. No one would have dared to use his original name given that the emperor had assigned him the surname Zheng.
The amount of non-coastal detail (including riverine systems extending thousands of miles from the coast) indicate that these maps could not have been produced by maritime voyagers. The information in the maps was obviously amassed over time by cultures who had travelled widely. It fits perfectly within the history of European cartography, but is a complete anomaly in Chinese cartography.
The Himalayas are marked as the highest mountains in the world. This fact was only discovered in the 19th century.
here is a chinese map not so early maybe...but early enough to make one wonder
i don't know enough about projection to verify this map or if it came from an older one,
but there is much to be said for early Chinese in north america
funny though that columbus was right after marko polo
suicideeddie
reply to post by Danbones
thats a photo of one the dredged ww2 wharfs in the area. most of the nearby hardware is gone eg us army test radar stations, amphibious vehicle training sites mostly all now rotted away and later on the sites nike-ajax rockets and supporting installations.
Danbones
reply to post by Harte
right off the top my av proves you wrong Harte just by existing
the pyramid shaft robot film does that
and no, as a pro sound tech...no you didn't prove me wrong sadly the charts and graphs did you in there
and
finally...note the florida island post up the page
Harte
bottleslingguy
reply to post by Danbones
Harte has no idea what he's talking about concerning these things. The size of the area containing these structures is so large any attempt at that scale would be the biggest undertaking ever imagined. They are found in areas where the Army Corps hasn't bothered to even think about going and for no good reason anyway. Some people act like authorities on this subject, but they've not spent one minute studying them and deep down inside they know they've waisted their lives studying the wrong things. I think there are going to be a lot of bitter archaeologists just around the corner, so we have to prepare for the angry responses.
Oh, yes, magically self-dredging permanent canals.
Harte